"Butler reveals how evangelical racism, propelled by the benefits of whiteness, has since the nation's founding played a provocative role in severely fracturing the electorate. During the buildup to the Civil War, white evangelicals used scripture to defend slavery and nurture the Confederacy. During Reconstruction, they used it to deny the vote to newly emancipated blacks. In the twentieth century, they sided with segregationists in avidly opposing movements for racial equality and civil rights. "
Some context: [White Evangelical Racism: The Politics of Morality in America : Butler, Anthea D.](https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B08JG7NHXQ?storeType=ebooks&pf_rd_p=7eff61ae-ef34-4cd6-acc9-37bbf183d156&pf_rd_r=66NDR003M2HDJR8ZRFKF&pd_rd_wg=9I9NE&pd_rd_i=B08JG7NHXQ&ref_=dbs_t_def_rwt_wigo_sp_recs_wigo_3&pd_rd_w=axWu9&content-id=amzn1.sym.7eff61ae-ef34-4cd6-acc9-37bbf183d156&pd_rd_r=16a8155b-3685-4ff5-9986-fd952ee0c426)
"Butler reveals how evangelical racism, propelled by the benefits of whiteness, has since the nation's founding played a provocative role in severely fracturing the electorate. During the buildup to the Civil War, white evangelicals used scripture to defend slavery and nurture the Confederacy. During Reconstruction, they used it to deny the vote to newly emancipated blacks. In the twentieth century, they sided with segregationists in avidly opposing movements for racial equality and civil rights. "
Also [John C. Calhoun - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_C._Calhoun)